Educational map



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet' 1` M'. M. GILLAJs/I. EDUCATIONAL MAP.

No.l 492,005. Patented Feb. 21, 1893.

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MANLY M. GILLAM, CF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

EDUCATIONAL MAP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 492,005, dated February 21, 1893.

Application tiled April 7, 1891. Serial No. 388,052. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, MANLY M. GILLAM, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Educational Maps or Charts, of which the following is a specification.

The principal object of my invention is to provide a map or chart presentinga synchronism of the rise, progress, vicissitudes, genealogy and fall of the countries, nations, races andgovernments or institutions of the world or of a part thereof with comparatively inexpensive and simple means for correctly indicating the relative territorial extent and the geographical ,position of countries, nations, races and governments or institutions and also of the occurrence of events contained in or disclosed by the synchronism.

Myinventionfurtherconsistsin theimprovements hereinafter described and claimed.

The nature, scope and characteristic features of my invention will be more fully understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings illustrating a map, chart or model of North and South America; and in which Figures 1 and 2 respectively show parts of a map, or chart embodying features of myinvention.

In the drawings a, are equidistantordinates that designate periods of one century each from the year 900 to the present time.

b, is a clouded or obscured surface, the Vertical extent of which corresponds with the area of North and South America.

b', is an abscissa that serves to indicate the line of demarkation between North and South America.

c, is a sharply defined surface that indicates the advent of the Northmen into North America at substantially thegeographical position now occupied by a part of the United States and of British America and shows that the Northmen continued to occupy a considerable territory of that which is now a part of the United States and of British America from the year 1000 until the year 1347, whereupon all trace of the occupancy of the Northmen is lost-in the obscure surface b, that designates a lack of historic knowledge.

d, is asharply defined surface differing from the surface b, and showing that the Toltecs inhabited a territory corresponding to about one fourth of the present area of Mexico from prehistoric times until about the year 1120 and that the Aztecs then succeeded the Toltecs and expanded and occupied their possessions until about the year 1519.

e, is another sharply defined surface that shows the early occupancy of Peru andother A South American countries by the Incas from about the year 1000 until the year 1531.

The abscissa f, designates the landing of Columbus in 1492, the abscissa f3, designates the landing of Vespucci, and the abscissa f2,

designates the conquest of the Incas by Pizarro in 1531, and all these abscissze merge into the sharply defined surface f3, that illustrates the extent and duration of the Spanish acquisitions and possessions in both North and SouthpAmerica.

The abscissa g, designates the landing of Cabot in the year 1497 and shows that he landedin the northern portion of North America and laid the foundation for an English territorial claim.

The abscissa h, designates the landing of- Verrazzani in the year 1524, and shows that he landed to the north of Cabot and laid the foundation for a French claim.

The abscissa i, designates the explorations of Father Marquette and the foundation ofa French claim between the English and Spanish claims. Y

The sharply defined surfaces j and 7c, show the synchronous territorial claims of France and England and the sharply defined surface Z, designates the rise and extent of the United States.

The ordinate m, shows that the civil war occurred in the southern part of the United States and the abscissa m', shows that this war continued from the year 1861 until the year represent the claims of a nation or nations without actual possession of such aterritory. The extent and duration of the Hudson Bay IOO Company is indicated by abscissae and ordinates of cessions of Great Britain prior tothe treaty ot Paris and with different abscissae and ordinates from that time until the sale of the companys lands in the year 1869.

The joint occupancy of Oregon country by Great Britain and the United States from 1818 to 184:6 is represented by a shaded surface corresponding to that designating the respective possessions of those countries. Other territorial acquisitions of the United States to- Wit: Louisiana, Florida, Texas and the Mexican cessions of 1848 and 1855 are noted by abscissae and ordinates that designate the date of the acquisition and the territorial extent and relative geographical position thereof.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains that it is not limited to a historical, geographical and territorial chart, map or model ot' North and South America but that it is applicable to other countries or divisions of the World, hence I do not limit myself to the exact construction and arrangement hereinbefore eX- plained and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

An educational map or chart having ordinates designating periods of time and clouded or obscured surfaces corresponding to prehistoric periods of time and to geographical location and extent, and abscissae, as described representing early history, relative geographical position, discovery, the conflicting claims of nations Without occupancy and territorial extent, and having sharply distinguishing or contrasting surfaces representing different countries, nations and governments of the entire World or parts thereof, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

MANLY M. GILLAM.

\Vitn esses:

H. G. HART, ISRAEL W. HART. 

